Industrial Use: Used as an oxidizing agent in the production of printed circuit boards and metal etching.
Employed as a polymerization initiator in the manufacture of plastics and rubber.
Cosmetic and Personal Care: Found in hair bleaching and dyeing formulations as an oxidizing agent.
Environmental Use: Used in soil and groundwater remediation to degrade organic contaminants.
Where is Ammonium Persulfate Found?
Natural Sources: Not naturally occurring; it is a synthetic compound.
Industrial Production: Produced by the electrolysis of ammonium sulfate in the presence of sulfuric acid.
Consumer Products: Found in hair care products, industrial etchants, and environmental remediation agents.
Chemical Industry: Used as a monomer in the production of specialty polymers and resins.
Acts as a co-monomer in the synthesis of plastics and elastomers.
Industrial Use: Used in the production of adhesives, coatings, and sealants.
Consumer Products: Found in some specialty plastics and rubber products.
Where is AMS Found?
Natural Sources: Not typically found in nature; it is a synthetic compound.
Industrial Production: Produced through the dehydrogenation of cumene or as a byproduct of phenol production.
Consumer Products: Present in certain plastics, adhesives, and coatings.
Industrial Use: Used in the production of fertilizers, explosives, and cleaning agents.
Employed in wastewater treatment and as a pH adjuster in chemical processes.
Household Use: Found in some cleaning solutions and disinfectants.
Agricultural Use: Used as a nitrogen source in fertilizers.
Where is Aqua Ammonia Found?
Natural Sources: Not naturally occurring; it is a solution of ammonia in water.
Industrial Production: Produced by dissolving ammonia gas in water.
Consumer Products: Found in cleaning solutions, fertilizers, and industrial chemicals.
Chemical Industry: Used as a monomer in the production of specialty polymers and resins.
Acts as a co-monomer in the synthesis of plastics and elastomers.
Industrial Use: Used in the production of adhesives, coatings, and sealants.
Consumer Products: Found in some specialty plastics and rubber products.
Where is AMS Found?
Natural Sources: Not typically found in nature; it is a synthetic compound.
Industrial Production: Produced through the dehydrogenation of cumene or as a byproduct of phenol production.
Consumer Products: Present in certain plastics, adhesives, and coatings.
Industrial Use: Used as a binding agent in foundry sands, drilling muds, and pelletizing iron ore.
Employed as a sealant in civil engineering (e.g., landfill liners, pond sealing).
Cosmetic and Personal Care: Found in facial masks, creams, and toothpaste as a thickener and absorbent.
Agricultural Use: Used as a soil conditioner and in animal feed as a binder.
Where is Bentonite (Treated) Found?
Natural Sources: Found in volcanic ash deposits as a clay mineral.
Industrial Production: Mined from natural deposits and treated with chemicals (e.g., sodium carbonate) to enhance properties like swelling or absorption.
Consumer Products: Found in cosmetics, drilling muds, and agricultural products.
Chemical Industry: Used as a precursor in the production of styrene, phenol, and other chemicals.
Employed in the synthesis of nylon, plastics, and synthetic rubber.
Industrial Use: Used as a solvent in the production of adhesives, paints, and coatings.
Pharmaceutical Industry: Used in the synthesis of some drugs and intermediates (though heavily regulated due to toxicity).
Where is Benzene Found?
Natural Sources: Found in trace amounts in crude oil, gasoline, and volcanic emissions.
Industrial Production: Produced through the refining of petroleum or as a byproduct of coal processing.
Consumer Products: Present in trace amounts in gasoline, cigarette smoke, and some industrial products (regulated due to health risks).
Industrial Use: Used as a de-icing agent on roads and sidewalks to melt ice and snow.
Employed in dust control on unpaved roads and in concrete production to accelerate setting.
Food Industry: sed as a firming agent in canned vegetables and as a calcium supplement in food products.
Chemical Industry: Used in the production of chemicals and as a desiccant for moisture control.
Where is Calcium Chloride Found?
Natural Sources: Found in trace amounts in natural brines and mineral deposits.
Industrial Production: Produced as a byproduct of the Solvay process or by reacting calcium carbonate with hydrochloric acid.
Consumer Products: Found in de-icing agents, food additives, and desiccants.
Industrial Use: Used in the production of cement, steel, and paper as a fluxing agent and pH adjuster.
Employed in water treatment to neutralize acidity and remove impurities.
Agricultural Use: Used as a soil amendment to raise pH and improve soil structure (agricultural lime).
Chemical Industry: Used in the production of chemicals like calcium hydroxide and calcium carbonate.
Where is Calcium Oxide Found?
Natural Sources: Not naturally occurring in significant quantities; it is derived from limestone.
Industrial Production: Produced by heating limestone (calcium carbonate) in a kiln to release carbon dioxide.
Consumer Products: Found in construction materials, agricultural lime, and industrial chemicals.
Industrial Use: Used in the production of soaps, detergents, and cleaning agents as a strong alkali.
Employed in the manufacture of potassium carbonate, fertilizers, and batteries.
Food Industry: Used in food processing (e.g., chocolate and cocoa processing) and as a pH adjuster.
Chemical Industry: Used in the production of chemicals, dyes, and pharmaceuticals.
Where is Caustic Potash Flake Found?
Natural Sources: Not naturally occurring; it is a synthetic compound.
Industrial Production: Produced by the electrolysis of potassium chloride solutions, followed by drying to form flakes.
Consumer Products: Found in soaps, detergents, and food processing agents.
Industrial Use: Used in the production of paper, textiles, and detergents as a strong alkali.
Employed in water treatment to neutralize acidity and in the manufacture of chemicals like sodium salts.
Food Industry: Used in food processing (e.g., olive curing, chocolate production) and as a pH adjuster.
Household Use: Found in drain cleaners and oven cleaners as a strong degreaser.
Where is Caustic Soda Found?
Natural Sources: Not naturally occurring; it is a synthetic compound.
Industrial Production: Produced by the electrolysis of sodium chloride (brine) in the chlor-alkali process.
Consumer Products: Found in detergents, drain cleaners, and food processing agents.
Agricultural Use: Used as a feed additive for poultry, swine, and other livestock to promote growth and liver function.
Industrial Use: Employed in the production of animal nutrition supplements and premixes.
Pharmaceutical Industry: Used in the synthesis of certain medications and as a source of choline in dietary supplements.
Where is Choline Chloride 75% Found?
Natural Sources: Found in trace amounts in certain foods (e.g., eggs, liver) as part of phospholipids.
Industrial Production: Produced by the reaction of trimethylamine with ethylene oxide and hydrochloric acid, followed by dilution to 75% concentration.
Consumer Products: Found in animal feed and dietary supplements.
Where is Citric Acid Found? Citric acid is a naturally occurring compound primarily found in citrus fruits such as lemons, limes, oranges, and grapefruits. It’s responsible for the sour taste of these fruits. However, the citric acid used in industrial applications is typically produced through a fermentation process involving a specific type of mold.
What isCitric Acid Used For? Citric acid is a versatile compound with a wide range of applications. Some of its primary uses include:
Food and Beverage Industry:
As a flavoring agent to add a tangy taste to foods and drinks.
As a preservative to extend the shelf life of products.
As an acidity regulator to control pH levels.
Cleaning Products:
As a natural cleaning agent to remove stains and grime.
As a chelating agent to bind metal ions and prevent mineral buildup.
Pharmaceutical Industry:
As an acidity regulator in medications.
As a flavoring agent in syrups and other liquid medications.
Cosmetics:
As an exfoliating agent to remove dead skin cells.
As a pH adjuster to balance skin’s natural acidity
Food Industry: Used as an acidulant, flavor enhancer, and preservative in beverages, candies, and processed foods (USP grade for food and pharmaceutical use).
Cosmetic and Personal Care: Found in shampoos, soaps, and creams as a pH adjuster and chelating agent.
Industrial Use (Tech Grade): Used in cleaning agents, water treatment, and as a chelating agent in industrial processes.
Where is Citric Acid Found?
Natural Sources: Found in citrus fruits (e.g., lemons, oranges).
Industrial Production: Produced by the fermentation of sugars (e.g., molasses) using Aspergillus niger.
Consumer Products: Found in food products, cosmetics, and cleaning solutions.
Automotive Industry: Used as a reducing agent in selective catalytic reduction (SCR) systems to reduce nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions in diesel engines.
Environmental Use: Employed in power plants and industrial facilities to control air pollution.
Industrial Use: Used in heavy-duty vehicles and off-road equipment to comply with emission standards.
Where is DEF Found?
Natural Sources: Not naturally occurring; it is a synthetic solution.
Industrial Production: Produced by dissolving urea in deionized water to achieve a 32.5% concentration, meeting ISO 22241 standards.
Consumer Products: Found in diesel exhaust fluid systems for vehicles and industrial emission control.
Industrial Use: Used as a solvent in the production of resins, inks, and adhesives.
Employed as a humectant in the manufacture of tobacco, paper, and cork.
Chemical Industry: Used as an intermediate in the production of polyester resins and polyurethane.
Consumer Products: Found in antifreeze formulations, brake fluids, and some cleaning agents.
Where is DEG Found?
Natural Sources: Not naturally occurring; it is a synthetic compound.
Industrial Production: Produced as a byproduct of ethylene glycol production through the hydrolysis of ethylene oxide.
Consumer Products: Found in antifreeze, brake fluids, and industrial solvents.
Industrial Use: Used as a solvent in the production of cellulose acetate, resins, and waxes.
Employed in the extraction of organic compounds in chemical processes.
Pharmaceutical Industry: Historically used as an anesthetic, though largely replaced by safer alternatives; still used in some laboratory applications.
Chemical Industry: Used as a starting material in the synthesis of other chemicals, such as ethyl halides.
Where is Diethyl Ether Found?
Natural Sources: Not naturally occurring; it is a synthetic compound.
Industrial Production: Produced by the dehydration of ethanol using sulfuric acid or by the vapor-phase reaction of ethanol with a catalyst.
Consumer Products: Found in some laboratory solvents and specialty chemical formulations (use is limited due to its high flammability and volatility).
Industrial Use: Used as a heat transfer fluid in HVAC systems, food processing, and pharmaceutical manufacturing due to its low toxicity.
Food Industry: Used in food and beverage cooling systems where incidental food contact may occur.
Consumer Products: Found in some antifreeze and de-icing formulations for food-related applications.
Where is Dowfrost 35% Found?
Natural Sources: Not naturally occurring; it is a synthetic solution.
Industrial Production: Produced by blending propylene glycol with water and corrosion inhibitors to achieve a 35% concentration, meeting food-grade standards.
Consumer Products: Found in heat transfer fluids and antifreeze for food processing.
Industrial Use: Used as a solvent in the production of coatings, paints, and inks.
Employed as a humectant in the manufacture of printing inks and cosmetics.
Cosmetic and Personal Care: Found in fragrances, lotions, and creams as a solvent and stabilizer.
Consumer Products: Found in some cleaning agents and hydraulic fluids.
Where is DPG Found?
Natural Sources: Not naturally occurring; it is a synthetic compound.
Industrial Production: Produced by the hydration of propylene oxide, forming a mixture of isomers.
Consumer Products: Found in cosmetics, fragrances, and industrial solvents.
